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61.
Hélio A. Stefani Jesus M. PenaFlávia Manarin Rômulo A. AndoDaiana M. Leal Nicola Petragnani 《Tetrahedron letters》2011,52(34):4398-4401
A functional group tolerant palladium-catalyzed Negishi coupling of diaryl tellurides with organozinc has been developed. This methodology permits efficient preparation of biaryls, aryl acetylenes and diaryl acetylenes in moderate to good yields. A preliminary study to gain further insight into the reaction was performed using in situ ReactIR technology. 相似文献
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63.
The axisymmetric deformations of thick circular rings are investigated. Four materials are explored: linear material, incompressible Neo-Hookean material and Ogden's and Bower's forms of compressible Neo-Hookean material. Radial distributed forces and a displacement-dependent pressure are the external loads. This problem is relatively simple and allows analytical, or semi-analytical, solution; therefore it has been chosen as a benchmark to test commercial finite element software for various material laws at large strains. The solutions obtained with commercial finite element software are almost identical to the present semi-analytical ones, except for the linear material, for which commercial finite element programs give incorrect results. 相似文献
64.
Direct numerical simulation (DNS) of incompressible, spatially developing square jets in the Reynolds number range of 500–2000 is reported. The three-dimensional unsteady Navier–Stokes equations are solved using high order spatial and temporal discretization. The objective of the present work is to understand the evolution of free and forced square jets by examining the formation of large-scale structures. Coherent structures and related interactions of free jets suggest control strategies that can be used to achieve enhanced spreading and mixing of the jet with the surrounding fluid. The critical Reynolds number for the onset on unsteadiness in an unperturbed free square jet is found to be 875–900 while it reduces to the range 500–525 in the presence of small-scale perturbations. Disturbances applied at the flow inlet cause saturation of KH-instability and early transition to turbulence. Forced jet calculations have been carried out using varicose perturbation with amplitude of 15%, while frequency is independently varied. Simulations show that the initial development of the square jet is influenced by the four corners leading to the appearance hairpin structures along with the formation of vortex rings. Farther downstream, adjacent vortices strongly interact leading to their rapid breakup. Excitation frequencies in the range 0.4–0.6 cause axis-switching of the jet cross-section. Results show that square jets achieve greater spreading but are less controllable in comparison to the circular ones. 相似文献
65.
Yong Xu 《Frontiers of Physics》2019,14(4):43402
Three-dimensional topological gapless matters with gapless degeneracies protected by a topological invariant defined over a closed manifold in momentum space have attracted considerable interest in various fields ranging from condensed matter materials to ultracold atomic gases. As a highly controllable and disorder free system, ultracold atomic gases provide a versatile platform to simulate topological gapless matters. Here, the current progress in studies of topological gapless phenomena in three-dimensional cold atom systems is summarized in the review. It is mainly focused on Weyl points, structured (type-II) Weyl points, Dirac points, nodal rings and Weyl exceptional rings in cold atoms. Since interactions in cold atoms can be controlled via Feshbach resonances, the progress in both superfluids for attractive interactions and non-interacting cold atom gases is reviewed. 相似文献
66.
Ludwig Hackl Dr. Alex R. Petrov Dr. Thomas Bannenberg Dr. Matthias Freytag Prof. Dr. Peter G. Jones Prof. Dr. Matthias Tamm 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2019,25(70):16148-16155
The reaction of 1,2-dipiperidinoacetylene ( 1 ) with 0.5 equivalents of SnCl2 or GeCl2⋅dioxane afforded the 1,2,3,4-tetrapiperidino-1,3-cyclobutadiene tin and germanium dichloride complexes 2 a and 2 b , respectively. A competing redox reaction was observed with excess amounts of SnCl2, which produced a tetrapiperidinocyclobutadiene dication with two trichlorostannate(II) counterions. Heating neat 1 to 110 °C for 16 h cleanly produced the dimer 1,3,4,4-tetrapiperidino-3-buten-1-yne ( 3 ); its reaction with stoichiometric amounts of SnCl2 or GeCl2⋅dioxane furnished the 1,3,4,4-tetrapiperidino-1,2-cyclobutadiene tin and germanium dichloride complexes 4 a and 4 b , respectively. Transition-metal complexes containing this novel four-membered cyclic bent allene (CBA) ligand were prepared by reaction of 3 with [(tht)AuCl], [RhCl(CO)2]2, and [(Me3N)W(CO)5] to form [(CBA)AuCl] ( 5 ), [(CBA)RhCl(CO)2] ( 6 ), and [(CBA)W(CO)5] ( 7 ). The molecular structures of all compounds 2 – 7 were determined by X-ray diffraction analyses, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations were carried out to rationalise the formation of 3 and 4 a . 相似文献
67.
REN Ji-Rong WANG Ji-Biao LI Ran XU Dong-Hui DUAN Yi-Shi 《理论物理通讯》2008,50(9):777-780
Two kinds of topological soliton (skyrmion and magnetic vortex ring) in ferromagnets are studied. They have the common topological origin, a tensor Hαβ = n→·(δαn→×βδn→), which describes the non-trivial distribution of local orientation of magnetization n→ at large distances in space. The topological stability of skyrmion is protected by the winding number. Knot-like topological defect as magnetic vortex rings is also studied. On the assumption that magnetic vortex rings are geometric lines, we present their δ-function distribution in ferromagnetic materials. Furthermore, it is briefly shown that Hopf invariant is a proper topological invariant to describe the topology of magnetic vortex rings. 相似文献
68.
Huanyin CHEN Department of Mathematics Hunan Normal University Changsha China. 《数学年刊B辑(英文版)》2007,28(6):617-628
A ring R is a QB-ring provided that aR bR=R with a,b∈R implies that there exists a y∈R such that a by∈R_q~(-1).It is said that a ring R is a JB-ring provided that R/J(R)is a QB-ring,where J(R)is the Jacobson radical of R.In this paper,various necessary and sufficient conditions,under which a ring is a JB-ring,are established.It is proved that JB-rings can be characterized by pseudo-similarity.Furthermore,the author proves that R is a JB-ring iff so is R/J(R)~2. 相似文献
69.
70.
给出了右(左)拟α-可逆环的定义,讨论了右(左)拟α-可逆环与线性McCoy环、可逆环、α-刚性环、约化环、阿贝尔环以及弱α-Skew Armendariz环之间的关系.研究了右(左)拟α-可逆环的相关性质和基本扩张.推广了α-可逆环和α-刚性环的相关结论. 相似文献